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An ultrasound test lasting five minutes can be used to detect people at risk of dementia before symptoms occur.
This is the conclusion of a study that analyzed blood vessels in the neck of more than 3,000 people and oversaw them over the next 15 years.
They found that those who showed the most intense pulsations at the beginning of the study were those who experienced the greatest cognitive impairment over the next decade.
The researchers hope that their findings will lead to a new way of discovering cognitive impairment that leads to dementia.
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A study carried out by an international team of experts led it University of London (UCL), they measured the pulse of vessels that carry blood into the brain.
When the heart affects, it creates a physical "impulse" that travels through the body in the effect of a wave.
When the heart affects, it creates a physical "impulse" that travels through the body in the effect of a wave.
Vessels near the heart, when they are elastic and healthy, often reduce the energy of this pulse in order not to reach the most delicate blood vessels in the body.
But factors such as aging and high blood pressure can strengthen these cases and reduce this protective effect.
As a result, progressively stronger pulse can go to fragile vessels that supply the brain.
And this, over time, can provoke structural changes in the brain which can contribute to the development of dementia.
Deterioration
The team of researchers measured the pulse in vessels that carry blood into the brain 3,191 people 2002. year.
Over the next 15 years, researchers have carried out memory tests and ability to solve problems in participants.
A progressive strong effect may result in fragile blood vessels that supply the brain.
Scientists have found that those who showed the most intense pulse (25% of participants) at the beginning of the study had 50% more chances showing accelerated cognitive impairment over the next decade, compared to other participants.
According to researchers, this is equivalent to an additional deterioration for almost a year or a year and a half.
It is often a cognitive impairment one of the first signs of dementia, although not all who experience it develop a disease.
Treatments and interventions
Researchers say the test can offer a new way of identifying people at risk of developing dementia, which can lead to earlier treatments and lifestyle interventions.
Evidence suggests that controlling blood pressure and cholesterol, maintaining healthy eating, regular exercise and not smoking can help prevent dementia.
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Evidence suggests that healthy diets, regular exercise and non-smoking can help prevent dementia.
Dr. Scott Chiesa, one of the researchers at UCL, says: "Dementia is the ultimate result of decades of damage, so when someone has dementia, it's too late to do something. "
"What we're trying to say is that you have to intervene as soon as possible, to identify the way to see who actually is advancing towards the possibility of presenting dementia and focuses on them."
A study co-financed by the British Heart Foundation does not contain data on how many people developed dementia.
But researchers are now planning to use scanners magnetic resonance (MRI) to analyze whether the participants also showed structural and functional changes in the brain that could explain their cognitive impairment.
They are also trying to test whether scanners improve the assessment of the risk of dementia that already exists.
Dr. Carol Routledge, director of research at Alzheimer's UK study, says you still need to confirm If ultrasound can improve the diagnosis of dementia.
"What we know is that blood supply to the brain is extremely important and that the preservation of healthy heart and blood pressure is associated with a lower risk of developing dementia," he said. (I)
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