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An increase in the number of cases of smallpox in Israel began in March, but up to three months ago it seemed that the numbers were only slightly higher than usual. Now the local health institution believes the country is experiencing a serious epidemic of one of the most serious infectious diseases in the world – which led to the death of an 18-month-old child last week.
The local situation is associated with a simultaneous, sharp increase in the incidence of smallpox in Europe, but here the disease can be caught in the "pockets" of inactive people in certain cities and settlements.
What is the goddess?
Measles is caused by a virus from morbillivirus family, and this only affects people, not animals, as opposed to many other infectious diseases. Although an effective vaccine against it has existed since the 1960s, the damage is still common and is one of the most vulnerable diseases of all, with 90 percent of the risk of infection among non-vaccinated people. The virus is highly infectious because it can survive in the open for a long time: when someone with coughs, coughs or speaks, infected droplets sprinkle in the air and then inhaled by other people. After infection, the virus attacks the immune system; is usually incubated for a period of eight to twelve days prior to the onset of symptoms.
What are the symptoms?
Signs and symptoms include high fever, cured nose, cough, red eyes and light sensitivity. Four or five days after the appearance of these symptoms (common to many conditions), a dark red rash appears on the skin. Mostly begins on the neck and spreads to the face, body and extremities.
The rash begins as single points, but often converges to the rash that covers large areas of the body. On the third day after the onset, the rash begins to fade and begins to look like a small, dense flower of the plant – hatzav in Hebrew, it is therefore the name of the Hebrew disease hatzevet. At this point, the patient will generally begin to feel better, although the progress of the disease varies in certain cases.
What are the Complications and Risks?
In addition to being extremely contagious, fertilization is dangerous because there is no legal remedy for it. Disease can damage respiratory and nervous systems. One third of patients will develop middle ear infections, diarrhea, or corneal inflammation. A rare complication, which can occur up to 10 years after infection, is a degenerative brain state condition that causes serious and irreversible damage to the central nervous system, including mental deterioration and attacks. One of the 1,000 cases of smallpox is fatal.
Why is there an epidemic?
Measles are transmitted only among human beings and since there is an effective vaccine in order to prevent it, the outbreak is exclusively artistic. However, if the rate of immunization in the population falls, the collective immunity that is not vaccinated against all vaccinated people – known as "permanent immunity" – is undermined. Larger parts of the population are then exposed to the disease and the risk of increasing the flash.
The source of the current epidemic in Israel last year attributed to outbreaks in various European countries that also recorded a decline in inoculation – countries that Israel often visit, such as Italy, England, Ukraine and Romania. Since then, the number of European cases has increased to 40,000, and more than 40 people have died.
But the situation did not come here because an uninvited person was infected abroad and brought the disease home. The total rate of inoculation of the goddesses in Israel exceeds 95 percent – but there are several densely populated communities and settlements with much lower vaccination rates. According to the Ministry of Health, in some places in Jerusalem, for example, the rate of vaccination is only 55 percent. As a result, there have been an increase in the number of cases of smallpox in the country as a whole: from 40 cases in the whole of 2017 to 1,334 cases up to now this year.
Is this the first time that Israel faces such an increase in smallpox?
In the 1950s, before the vaccine came, thousands of cases were reported annually. Since 1967, when the inoculation became part of the protocol of the Ministry of Health, there has been a consistent decline in the number of cases to several tens per year. However, there were other epidemics. For example, in 2003, 60 Israeli boys cut down the goddesses within two weeks, and one of them died. The last big increase was in 2008, when 1,452 cases were reported in a few months among non-vaccinated people, mostly in the area of Jerusalem.
How effective is a vaccine against smallpox?
Like other vaccines, the olive strike has two purposes – to protect the person from infection and to prevent the spread of the disease and protect the population at risk that can not be vaccinated for medical reasons. Two doses of vaccines that are part of the protocol provide 97 percent protection against the disease. The video is applied at the age of one year and again at 6 years old, as part of a four-arm immunization vaccine that covers rubella (German malignant), mumps and chicken dogs.
What does the Ministry of Health do when a Goddess case is discovered?
In the past few months, the health institution monitored every case of infection, whether the patient was detected on a flight, at a hospital, at school, or elsewhere. When symptoms and suspected cases of illness occur, a blood sample of a patient is sent to the laboratory to determine whether the goddesses are really present; At the same time, medical teams are trying to find all those who came in contact with a person and determine whether it is vaccinated and what is the state of its immune system. In many cases, the Ministry of Health or hospital doctors will invite those who are exposed to preventive treatment, i.e.
The identification case for each case has become more intense as the disease spreads. Doctors in Jerusalem, where there are so many cases of smallpox, are difficult to keep up with the identification and treatment of patients. The Ministry of Health focuses its efforts on raising the rate of immunization in ultra-Orthodox neighbors, extending the admission time to the Tipat Halav's baby clinics. The vehicle belonging to Natalie's health service was also the rule of a circle to allow easier access to the vaccine.
What other steps are being taken?
The Ministry of Health banned non-vaccinated people from hospital departments who are considered particularly vulnerable, such as neonatal units, intensive care, oncology, hemato-oncology, etc. In addition, the ministry is considering banning unvaccinated children from schools and checking whether the inoculation now given to children in one year can be routinely applied for 9 months.
If someone is unvaccinated exposed to the goddesses, can something be done to reduce intensity?
Yes, but he must act immediately. Preventive protection of the first resort implies the administration of a live virus vaccine within 72 hours of exposure, but someone who can not get an active vaccine can receive a passive virus that will produce antibodies against the disease within six days.
When should your vaccine be vaccinated or updated?
The Ministry of Health invites adults who have never had a goddess and never had two vaccine footprints to be vaccinated. The vaccine must be administered in two doses of at least four weeks. This recommendation does not apply to persons born before 1956.
The ministry also advises parents who have received the first shot not to wait for another dose until they reach school age, but immediately give inoculation until they last for four weeks from the first dose. The ministry also advises that people traveling abroad who doubt their immunity get inoculation before they leave Israel, although it takes two weeks for the vaccine to take a lot of action. If they travel with a baby from 6 to 11 months of age, the child should receive the first shot before departure.
People born in Israel between 1957 and 1977 are considered vaccinated, or only partially vaccinated, because only one vaccination was applied during those years, and not all were given. These people are advised to be inoculated now.
Who would not have vaccinated?
The Ministry of Health says that the following people should not be vaccinated: pregnant women; a person with a high temperature; a person who had an allergic reaction to the previous vaccine; someone who has a sensitivity to one of the components of the vaccine; and people whose immune systems are seriously compromised.
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